I. The Many Sides of John Brown
B. Philanthropist
1. have gave land to fugitive slaves
2. helped raise an African-American orphan
3. established a society to help runaway slaves and also financially assist those that were aiding them.
4. moved to North Elba New York, to help established a farming community for runaway slaves.
C. Fanatic
1. followed five of his sons to the Kansas Territory
2. During "Bleeding Kansas", Brown and his followers would take part in various raids and learned guerilla tactics.
3. Brown would be responsible for the deaths of five pro-slavery men in Kansas
D. Rebel or Domestic Terrorist?
1. Brown developed a plan to start an uprising of slaves in the South. Step 1: seize the arsenal in Harpers Ferry Virginia. Step 2: arm the slaves in the nearby area. Step 3: Move around the South and create chaos.
2. After two years of planning, training, and asking for money...he had only 22 men.
3. After seizing the arsenal in Harper's Ferry on October 16, 1859, he sent out some of his men to the surrounding countryside to recruit slaves, but nobody came...
4. well people did come, angry white people who wanted their arsenal back and contacted the U.S. government that rebels had seized military supplies.
5. U.S. Marines led by Col. Robert E. Lee attacked Brown's forces killing two of his men and capturing the rest.
E. Define Martyr:_______________________________
1. John Brown was executed on December 2, 1859.
2. Many people in the North mourned his death, and some government buildings were draped in black.
3. Louisa May Alcott called him "Saint John the Just"
4. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau praised Brown in editorials
F. Traitor
1. "thinking slavery is wrong...that cannot excuse violence, bloodshed, and treason."
~ Abraham Lincoln
2. Southern Democrats claimed that Brown's actions were a clear sign of a Northern conspiracy to bring an end to slavery.
3. Many 20th Century scholars would portray Brown as a fanatic and a killer.
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